Results of cerebrospinal fluid analysis, neurologic examination findings, and age at the onset of seizures as predictors for results of magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in dogs examined because of seizures: 115 cases (1992-2000)     

Bush WW  Barr CS  Darrin EW  Shofer FS  Vite CH  Steinberg SA 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,220(6):781-784

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether neurologic examination findings, results of CSF analysis, or age at the onset of seizures could be used to predict whether results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) would be normal or abnormal in dogs with seizures. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 115 dogs. PROCEDURE: Information on results of neurologic examination, results of CSF analysis, age at the onset of seizures, and results of MRI was obtained from the medical records. RESULTS: Results of MRI were abnormal in 61 dogs and normal in 54. Sensitivity and specificity of neurologic examination alone were 77 (47/61) and 91% (49/54), respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of CSF analysis alone were 79 (48/61) and 69% (37/54), respectively. Results of MRI were abnormal for 12 of 28 (43%) dogs with abnormal CSF analysis results and normal neurologic examination results but for only 2 of 35 (6%) dogs with normal CSF analysis and normal neurologic examination results. Similarly, results of MRI were abnormal for 36 of 37 (97%) dogs with abnormal CSF analysis and abnormal neurologic examination results but for only 11 of 15 (73%) dogs with normal CSF analysis results and abnormal neurologic examination results. Age at the onset of seizures (< 6 vs > or = 6 years old) was not significantly associated with results of MRI. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that neurologic examination findings and results of CSF analysis are useful in predicting whether results of MRI will be abnormal in dogs examined because of seizures, but age at the onset of seizures is not.  相似文献   

Epidemiologic evaluation of postoperative wound infection in clean-contaminated wounds: A retrospective study of 239 dogs and cats     

Nicholson M  Beal M  Shofer F  Brown DC 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2002,31(6):577-581

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate risk factors for development of postoperative wound infections in clean-contaminated wounds. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective clinical study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Two hundred thirty-nine dogs and cats that had clean-contaminated surgical procedures. METHODS: Records of animals that had a clean-contaminated surgical procedure and were prospectively monitored for development of postoperative wound infection were reviewed. Prospective data included signalment, nutritional status, body weight, duration of surgery, surgical procedures, wound classification, surgical site clip time before surgery, hypotension during surgery, the presence of an active distant infection, endocrinopathy, administration of an immunosuppressive agent, administration of antibiotics, and the type of antibiotic used. Additional retrieved data included total anesthesia time, temperature variables, blood loss, and suture material used. RESULTS: Intact males (P =.008) and animals with concurrent endocrinopathy (P =.008) were at a higher risk of development of postoperative wound infection. Total surgery time (P =.02) and total anesthesia time (P =.04) were longer in animals that developed postoperative wound infection. No other factors were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Intact males and animals with a concurrent endocrinopathy were at higher risk of postoperative wound infection after clean-contaminated surgical procedures. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Time under anesthesia and duration of surgery should be minimized to reduce the risk of wound infection in clean-contaminated surgical procedures.  相似文献   

CANINE ORAL NONTONSILLAR SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA     

S. M. Evans  VMD  MS  Frances  Shofer  PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1988,29(3):133-137

The records of 33 dogs treated with radiation therapy for nontonsillar oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were reviewed to determine which, if any, prognostic factors affected local tumor recurrence and survival. Information was collected on nine factors: age, sex, anatomic subsite, intraoral location, bone involvement, radiation dose, portal size, and tumor recurrence. Product limit survival estimates indicated than only anatomic subsite was significantly related to disease-free interval. Mean disease-free interval was 12.0, 3.4, and 1.8 months for maxilla, mandible, and soft tissue subsites, respectively. Four factors were significantly associated with survival. The intraoral location (listed in descending survival time: rostral > caudal > rostral and caudal), tumor recurrence (no > yes), relative portal size (less than 100 cm²/m² > greater than or equal to 100 cm²/m²), and age at diagnosis (less than or equal to 6 years > greater than 6 years) were of prognostic importance. Based on these data, a prospective randomized clinical trial for the treatment of nontonsillar oral SCC would be appropriate.  相似文献   

Mandible and mandibular first molar tooth measurements in dogs: relationship of radiographic height to body weight     

Gioso MA  Shofer F  Barros PS  Harvey CE 《Journal of veterinary dentistry》2001,18(2):65-68

Height measurements of the mandible and the mandibular first molar tooth were obtained from 234 dogs. Statistical analysis was performed to determine possible associations between these measurements and body weight, sex, age, and body condition. There was a statistically significant association between the mandible: mandibular first molar tooth height measurement ratio and body weight (p < 0.0001) in all body weight groups. Small dogs had proportionally larger mandibular first molar teeth relative to mandibular height compared with larger dogs. This relationship may contribute to an increased susceptibility in small dogs for periodontitis and subsequent tooth loss. There was no statistically significant association between the mandible: mandibular first molar tooth height measurement ratio and other parameters evaluated in this study.  相似文献   

Thermal Structure of Jupiter's Upper Atmosphere Derived from the Galileo Probe     

A Seiff  DB Kirk  TCD Knight  LA Young  FS Milos  E Venkatapathy  JD Mihalov  RC Blanchard  RE Young  G Schubert 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1997,276(5309):102-104

Temperatures in Jupiter's atmosphere derived from Galileo Probe deceleration data increase from 109 kelvin at the 175-millibar level to 900 ± 40 kelvin at 1 nanobar, consistent with Voyager remote sensing data. Wavelike oscillations are present at all levels. Vertical wavelengths are 10 to 25 kilometers in the deep isothermal layer, which extends from 12 to 0.003 millibars. Above the 0.003-millibar level, only 90- to 270- kilometer vertical wavelengths survive, suggesting dissipation of wave energy as the probable source of upper atmosphere heating.  相似文献   

Storage of Bovine Reproductive Tissues and RNA Extracts on Ice for 24 h or Repeated Freeze–Thaw Cycles do not Affect RNA Integrity     

MR França  FS Mesquita  M Binelli 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(1):e9-e11

The aims of this study were to test (i) the effect of time of tissue and RNA extracts storage on ice and (ii) the effect of repeated freeze–thaw cycles on RNA integrity and gene expression of bovine reproductive tissues. Fragments of endometrium (ENDO), corpus luteum (CL) and ampulla (AMP) were subdivided and incubated for 0, 1, 3, 6, 12 or 24 h on ice. RNA extracts were incubated on ice for 0, 3, 12 or 24 h, or exposed to 1, 2, 4 or 6 freeze–thaw cycles. RNA integrity number (RIN) was estimated. Expression of progesterone receptor (PGR) and cyclophilin genes from RNA extracts stored on ice for 0 or 24 h, and 1 or 6 freeze–thaw cycles was measured by qPCR. Tissue and RNA extract incubation on ice, and repeated freeze–thaw cycles did not affect RIN values of RNA from ENDO, CL or AMP. Storage on ice or exposure to freeze–thaw cycles did not affect Cq values for PGR or cyclophilin genes . In conclusion, neither generalized RNA degradation nor specific RNA degradation was affected by storage of tissue or RNA extracts on ice for up to 24 h, or by up to 6 freeze–thaw cycles of RNA extracts obtained from bovine ENDO, CL and AMP.  相似文献   

Dacarbazine as Single-Agent Therapy for Relapsed Lymphoma in Dogs     

P.C. Griessmayr  S.E. Payne  J.E. Winter  L.G. Barber  F.S. Shofer 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2009,23(6):1227-1231

Background: Multidrug resistance is the most common cause of treatment failure in dogs with multicentric lymphoma. 5-(3,3-Dimethyl-1-triazeno)-imidazole-4-carboxamide (DTIC) is an atypical alkylator used as standard treatment in human Hodgkin's lymphoma, and has been effective in combination treatment to treat resistant lymphoma in dogs. However, no data are available on the use of DTIC as a single agent in the treatment of relapsed canine lymphoma.
Hypothesis: Single-agent DTIC is effective and safe in treating dogs with lymphoma that relapsed or failed to respond to previous chemotherapy.
Animals: Forty client-owned dogs with relapsed lymphoma.
Methods: Dogs were eligible for the retrospective study if they had a histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of lymphoma and had relapsed. Dogs received DTIC (800–1,000 mg/m² every 2–3 weeks as a 4–5-hour IV infusion) and were evaluated for response rate and duration. Hematologic and gastrointestinal toxicity was assessed.
Results: The overall response rate for dogs being treated with DTIC was 35% (14 dogs) with a median progression-free interval of 43 days. Thirteen dogs had a partial response and 1 dog had a complete response. Stable disease was achieved in 3 dogs. Mild gastrointestinal toxicity was reported in 3 dogs posttreatment. Thrombocytopenia was the principal toxicity observed 7–14 days after the treatment. Treatments were delayed because of thrombocytopenia.
Conclusions: DTIC, when used alone, is effective in the treatment of dogs with relapsed lymphoma.  相似文献   

Rescue therapy with doxorubicin-based chemotherapy for relapsing or refractory feline lymphoma: a retrospective study of 23 cases     

Oberthaler KT  Mauldin E  McManus PM  Shofer FS  Sorenmo KU 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2009,11(4):259-265

This study examined the efficacy of doxorubicin-based chemotherapy used for rescue therapy in refractory feline lymphoma. Records of 23 cats with lymphoma treated with chemotherapy who received doxorubicin for the first time in a rescue setting were reviewed. Seventeen (74%) of the 23 cats had only one treatment of doxorubicin. Five (22%) of the 23 cats had a positive response to doxorubicin and were given additional doses. The response to therapy in 4/5 of these responders could be assessed objectively, of which, two cats (9%) achieved partial remission (PR) and two cats (9%) achieved complete remission (CR). The two cats that achieved CR had differing response durations (6 weeks and greater than 47 months). Three of these five (60%) responders had also received concurrent other chemotherapy in addition to doxorubicin. Cell type and the use of concurrent chemotherapy were significant predictors of response. Cats with small-medium cell lymphomas (P=0.001) and cats that received concurrent chemotherapy with doxorubicin rescue (P=0.007) were more likely to respond favorably. This study suggests that doxorubicin-based chemotherapy is not an effective rescue protocol for feline lymphoma.  相似文献